QUIZ!!! Last One!
1. Final Exam Tips
(a)
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| Final Exam Study Tip |
Friday Dec. 11 11:00am-1pm
Monday Dec 14 Noon-1:30 or 2 (depending on attendance).
(c) http://philosophy1010atbgsu.blogspot.com/2015/10/how-to-prepare-for-exam.html
(d) Otis babysitter
2A. (9:30am class only)
Existentialism is charged with making it so "anything goes." That is, there are no moral constraints on our choices. In response to this charge, Sartre offers analogy between making a piece of artwork and making a moral decision (p. 42)
(a) Explain the analogy.
(b) What does he mean when he says that there are no a priori values "but that there are values that appear subsequently in the coherence of the painting, in the correspondence between what the artist intended and the result"?
2B. Comprehension check:
(a) What are the three objections to the subjectivity of existentialism?
(b) Consider the second objection:
- (i) Explain: "Every man who takes refuge behind excuse of his passions, every man that sets up a determinism, is a dishonest man." (p. 44-45)
- (i) In what way is Sartre presenting an objective value? (Bottom of p. 45)
- (ii) Does this constrain my choices? (+Discuss Sidgwick)
- (iii) Explain: Only the freedom of others keeps each one of us from hardening in the absurdity of facticity (i.e., what can't be changed). And if we are to believe the Christian myth of creation, God himself was in agreement with the existential doctrine since, in the words of an anti-fascist priest, "He had such respect for man that He created him free." (De Beauvoir, Ethics of Ambiguity) (See also Sartre p. 38 top and p. 46 top).
3. Subjectivity, interpretation, bad faith.
(a) On p. 28 Sartre says "there are no omens." Explain what he means in the context of the story of the Jesuit priest. (School story)
(b) Some people turn to religious texts for guidance. What would Sartre say about this strategy (hint: think about subjectivity) (p. 46). Also "Even if God did exist, that would change nothing." (Last paragraph of p. 51)
Many mainstream Muslim organizations have gone so far as to say the Islamic State is, in fact, un-Islamic...But Muslims who call the Islamic State un-Islamic are typically, as the Princeton scholar Bernard Haykel, the leading expert on the group’s theology, told me, “embarrassed and politically correct, with a cotton-candy view of their own religion” that neglects “what their religion has historically and legally required.”
According to Haykel, the ranks of the Islamic State are deeply infused with religious vigor. Koranic quotations are ubiquitous. “Even the foot soldiers spout this stuff constantly,” Haykel said. “They mug for their cameras and repeat their basic doctrines in formulaic fashion, and they do it all the time.” He regards the claim that the Islamic State has distorted the texts of Islam as preposterous, sustainable only through willful ignorance. “People want to absolve Islam,” he said. “It’s this ‘Islam is a religion of peace’ mantra. As if there is such a thing as ‘Islam’! It’s what Muslims do, and how they interpret their texts.” Those texts are shared by all Sunni Muslims, not just the Islamic State. “And these guys have just as much legitimacy as anyone else.”
Slavery
"If a man beats his male or female slave with a rod and the slave dies as a direct result, he must be punished, but he is not to be punished if the slave gets up after a day or two, since the slave is his property."
"Slaves, obey your earthly masters with respect and fear, and with sincerity of heart, just as you would obey Christ."
When you march up to attack a city, make its people an offer of peace. If they accept and open their gates, all the people in it shall be subject to forced labor and shall work for you. If they refuse to make peace and they engage you in battle, lay siege to that city. When the LORD your God delivers it into your hand, put to the sword all the men in it. As for the women, the children, the livestock and everything else in the city, you may take these as plunder for yourselves. And you may use the plunder the LORD your God gives you from your enemies. This is how you are to treat all the cities that are at a distance from you and do not belong to the nations nearby.
"Do not think that I have come to abolish the Law or the Prophets; I have not come to abolish them but to fulfill them. I tell you the truth, until heaven and earth disappear, not the smallest letter, not the least stroke of a pen, will by any means disappear from the Law until everything is accomplished. Anyone who breaks one of the least of these commandments and teaches others to do the same will be called least in the kingdom of heaven, but whoever practices and teaches these commands will be called great in the kingdom of heaven."
Adultery
'If a man commits adultery with another man's wife—with the wife of his neighbor—both the adulterer and the adulteress must be put to death.
Rape
"If a man happens to meet a virgin who is not pledged to be married and rapes her and they are discovered, he shall pay the girl's father fifty shekels of silver. He must marry the girl, for he has violated her. He can never divorce her as long as he lives."
Women
"A woman should learn in quietness and full submission. I do not permit a woman to teach or to have authority over a man; she must be silent."
"If two men are fighting and the wife of one of them comes to rescue her husband from his assailant, and she reaches out and seizes him by his private parts, you shall cut off her hand. Show her no pity."
The Sabbath
" For six days, work is to be done, but the seventh day shall be your holy day, a Sabbath of rest to the LORD. Whoever does any work on it must be put to death."
Homosexuality
"If a man lies with a man as one lies with a woman, both of them have done what is detestable. They must be put to death; their blood will be on their own heads."
Prisoners of War
"Whoever is captured will be thrust through; all who are caught will fall by the sword. Their infants will be dashed to pieces before their eyes; their houses will be looted and their wives ravished. See, I will stir up against them the Medes, who do not care for silver and have no delight in gold. Their bows will strike down the young men; they will have no mercy on infants nor will they look with compassion on children."
Non-Believers
"If a man or woman living among you in one of the towns the LORD gives you is found doing evil in the eyes of the LORD your God in violation of his covenant, and contrary to my command has worshiped other gods, bowing down to them or to the sun or the moon or the stars of the sky, and this has been brought to your attention, then you must investigate it thoroughly. If it is true and it has been proved that this detestable thing has been done in Israel, take the man or woman who has done this evil deed to your city gate and stone that person to death."
"Then the LORD said to Moses: "Take the blasphemer outside the camp. All those who heard him are to lay their hands on his head, and the entire assembly is to stone him. Say to the Israelites: 'If anyone curses his God, he will be held responsible; anyone who blasphemes the name of the LORD must be put to death. The entire assembly must stone him. Whether an alien or native-born, when he blasphemes the Name, he must be put to death."
Final Words
1. Your own happiness is bound up in the happiness of others.
2. There are two things that are necessary to have a meaningful life. There are others as well, but without these two you have no chance: You must cultivate and strive for personal excellence in whatever you do and with equal or greater effort you must help others cultivate and realize their own personal excellence. You cannot have a meaningful life if your life does not include both of these things.
3. The suffering of others matters. You have an obligation to reduce the suffering of others in so far as you are able.
4. An attitude of love, engagement, and vitality can reveal meaning and purpose in the world but (channelling Camus) revolt and rage can get you through the tough times when you can't see possibilities.
5. Take care of your feet. If they're injured, you can't go anywhere.
http://www.athleticbusiness.com/college/most-schools-don-t-itemize-spending-of-athletic-fees-br.html
"At Bowling Green, $12.7 million of the school's $18 million athletic budget comes from fees paid by its 15,461 students. Over a four-year college career, that adds up to a student paying $3,290 in fees for intercollegiate athletics."
"If a man beats his male or female slave with a rod and the slave dies as a direct result, he must be punished, but he is not to be punished if the slave gets up after a day or two, since the slave is his property."
"Slaves, obey your earthly masters with respect and fear, and with sincerity of heart, just as you would obey Christ."
When you march up to attack a city, make its people an offer of peace. If they accept and open their gates, all the people in it shall be subject to forced labor and shall work for you. If they refuse to make peace and they engage you in battle, lay siege to that city. When the LORD your God delivers it into your hand, put to the sword all the men in it. As for the women, the children, the livestock and everything else in the city, you may take these as plunder for yourselves. And you may use the plunder the LORD your God gives you from your enemies. This is how you are to treat all the cities that are at a distance from you and do not belong to the nations nearby.
"Do not think that I have come to abolish the Law or the Prophets; I have not come to abolish them but to fulfill them. I tell you the truth, until heaven and earth disappear, not the smallest letter, not the least stroke of a pen, will by any means disappear from the Law until everything is accomplished. Anyone who breaks one of the least of these commandments and teaches others to do the same will be called least in the kingdom of heaven, but whoever practices and teaches these commands will be called great in the kingdom of heaven."
Adultery
'If a man commits adultery with another man's wife—with the wife of his neighbor—both the adulterer and the adulteress must be put to death.
Rape
"If a man happens to meet a virgin who is not pledged to be married and rapes her and they are discovered, he shall pay the girl's father fifty shekels of silver. He must marry the girl, for he has violated her. He can never divorce her as long as he lives."
Women
"A woman should learn in quietness and full submission. I do not permit a woman to teach or to have authority over a man; she must be silent."
"If two men are fighting and the wife of one of them comes to rescue her husband from his assailant, and she reaches out and seizes him by his private parts, you shall cut off her hand. Show her no pity."
The Sabbath
" For six days, work is to be done, but the seventh day shall be your holy day, a Sabbath of rest to the LORD. Whoever does any work on it must be put to death."
Homosexuality
"If a man lies with a man as one lies with a woman, both of them have done what is detestable. They must be put to death; their blood will be on their own heads."
Prisoners of War
"Whoever is captured will be thrust through; all who are caught will fall by the sword. Their infants will be dashed to pieces before their eyes; their houses will be looted and their wives ravished. See, I will stir up against them the Medes, who do not care for silver and have no delight in gold. Their bows will strike down the young men; they will have no mercy on infants nor will they look with compassion on children."
Non-Believers
"If a man or woman living among you in one of the towns the LORD gives you is found doing evil in the eyes of the LORD your God in violation of his covenant, and contrary to my command has worshiped other gods, bowing down to them or to the sun or the moon or the stars of the sky, and this has been brought to your attention, then you must investigate it thoroughly. If it is true and it has been proved that this detestable thing has been done in Israel, take the man or woman who has done this evil deed to your city gate and stone that person to death."
"Then the LORD said to Moses: "Take the blasphemer outside the camp. All those who heard him are to lay their hands on his head, and the entire assembly is to stone him. Say to the Israelites: 'If anyone curses his God, he will be held responsible; anyone who blasphemes the name of the LORD must be put to death. The entire assembly must stone him. Whether an alien or native-born, when he blasphemes the Name, he must be put to death."
Final Words
1. Your own happiness is bound up in the happiness of others.
2. There are two things that are necessary to have a meaningful life. There are others as well, but without these two you have no chance: You must cultivate and strive for personal excellence in whatever you do and with equal or greater effort you must help others cultivate and realize their own personal excellence. You cannot have a meaningful life if your life does not include both of these things.
3. The suffering of others matters. You have an obligation to reduce the suffering of others in so far as you are able.
4. An attitude of love, engagement, and vitality can reveal meaning and purpose in the world but (channelling Camus) revolt and rage can get you through the tough times when you can't see possibilities.
5. Take care of your feet. If they're injured, you can't go anywhere.
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| Aim high |
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| When we love the world we see it as beautiful. In beauty, meaning and purpose are revealed. |
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| Travel and see the world. |
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| Your own happiness is bound up in the happiness of others. |
http://www.athleticbusiness.com/college/most-schools-don-t-itemize-spending-of-athletic-fees-br.html
"At Bowling Green, $12.7 million of the school's $18 million athletic budget comes from fees paid by its 15,461 students. Over a four-year college career, that adds up to a student paying $3,290 in fees for intercollegiate athletics."
